Bankart repair is a surgical procedure designed to address shoulder instability, particularly when the shoulder has experienced repeated dislocations. The procedure is named after the Bankart lesion, which refers to a tear in the labrum (the cartilage that surrounds the shoulder socket) that often occurs during a shoulder dislocation. This tear can lead to chronic instability, making the shoulder prone to future dislocations.

During the Bankart repair surgery, the torn labrum is reattached to the shoulder socket (glenoid) using sutures or anchors. This helps restore the stability of the shoulder joint and reduces the likelihood of future dislocations. In some cases, additional procedures may be performed to repair any damage to the surrounding ligaments or tendons.

Bankart repair is typically performed through arthroscopic surgery, which involves making small incisions and using a tiny camera (arthroscope) to guide the surgeon in reattaching the labrum. This minimally invasive approach leads to smaller scars, reduced pain, and quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery.

Following Bankart repair, patients will undergo a rehabilitation program to strengthen the shoulder muscles and improve range of motion. The recovery period can vary but generally takes several months to regain full function and resume normal activities, especially those involving overhead movements or heavy lifting.